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Hurricane Cosme was the third named tropical cyclone of the 2013 Pacific hurricane season. The storm system formed on June 23 as a tropical depression approximately five hundred miles south of Manzanillo, Mexico. The cyclone became a tropical storm on June 24, and soon after formed into a hurricane on June 25. While initially stationary, the storm system started to move in a north westerly direction, causing Mexican National Weather Service to issue a blue alert (minimum risk) hurricane warning for the states of Guerrero, Nayarit, and Baja California Sur; and a green alert (Low Risk) hurricane warning for the states of Michoacan, Jalisco, and Colima. The first damage caused by Hurricane Cosme occurred on the Revillagigedo Islands where the storm system created 42 mph winds. As The storm system moved towards Mexico it caused heavy rains and flooding within the state of Guerro. These rains also resulted in 24 landslides within the state. In Colima flooding resulted in the structural damage of several public facilities, private buildings, and approximately fifty homes. At least two people died as a result of the storm system. The first was a tourist who drowned in Zihuatanejo. The second was a police officer who was killed in an automobile accident that also injured 19 others. Hurricane Cosme arrived at its greatest intensity (75 kt) at approximately 0000 UTC on June 26 about 345 miles southwest of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico. Subsequently, stable air and lower water temperatures caused the storm to lose strength. The system continued to weaken and moved in a westward direction where it eventually weakened into a low pressure surface through approximately 1400 miles south east of the Hawaiian Islands. ==Meteorological history== Hurricane Cosme can be traced to a tropical wave that formed on the west coast of Africa on or around the 8th of June. That westward moving wave, which was also responsible for the formation of Tropical Storm Barry in the South Caribbean Sea, eventually reached the Eastern Pacific Ocean. The progress of the wave was slowed by a southwesterly movement within the Intertropical Convergence Zone. During the morning hours of June 20, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began monitoring a broad area of disturbed weather several hundred miles southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. Assessed with a low chance of tropical cyclone formation within a two-day interval, conditions at the time were unfavorable but expected to become more conducive for development over subsequent days. As the disturbance tracked generally west-northwestward, a broad area of low pressure developed; the NHC increased the chances of formation accordingly. Convection – shower and thunderstorm activity – became steadily concentrated around the low-level center and spiral banding became evident; following a series of satellite and microwave images, the system was designated as Tropical Depression Three-E at 1500 UTC on June 23. After the time of formation, the NHC stated that, "the largest negative factor is probably the size of the depression...which could keep it from rapidly intensifying." The depression did not become better organized initially, with meager central convection and a lack of well-defined cloud features; by early on June 24, however, shower and thunderstorm activity began forming over the center. Two Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) passes indicated several wind vectors, and the cyclone was upgraded to Tropical Storm Cosme as a result. A small central dense overcast-like feature was observed at the time. Tracking west-northwestward around the southwestern periphery of a mid-level ridge over central Mexico, Cosme became better organized on June 24. A large area of very cold cloud-tops developed over and just southeast of the center of the storm, and convective banding wrapping into the mass began to form, mainly in the north and east semicircles. Though the cloud pattern became elongated north to south during the pre-dawn hours of the following day, a rapid improvement of the inner core on microwave and the structure on satellite imagery became apparent. A timely AMSU pass indicated an eyewall nearly closed with an accompanying intensity estimate of , and a transient eye became visible on early morning satellite images. As a result, the National Hurricane Center upgraded Cosme to a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. Given the light wind shear, warm sea surface temperature, and moist air environment, the agency predicted further intensification for the following hours, and the system attained its peak intensity with winds of 85 mph (140 km/h) and a minimum barometric pressure of 981 mbar (hPa; 28.97 inHg) late on June 25. Thereafter, a result of cooler sea surface temperatures forecast several days in advance, convection on the west side of the circulation center began to erode significantly. The tropical storm wind radii expanded the following morning, but the inner core of Cosme, specifically the structure of the eye, began to degrade; the low-level circulation became decoupled with the upper-level circulation as well, and all thunderstorm activity dissipated. Reduced to a swirl of low to mid-level clouds, winds decreased below tropical storm-force and deep convection did not reform over the center. At 2100 UTC on June 27, the NHC declared Cosme as a post-tropical cyclone. The remnant low of Cosme continued northwestward for the next several days, before degenerating into an open trough on July 1. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hurricane Cosme (2013)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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